{"schemaVersion":"2.5.0","datasetVersion":"2.5.0","slug":"lettonie","name":"Lettonie","m49Name":"Lettonie","officialName":"République de Lettonie","iso2":"LV","iso3":"LVA","m49":"428","continent":{"code":"150","fr":"Europe"},"subregion":{"code":"154","name":"Europe septentrionale"},"capital":["Riga"],"coordinates":[57,25],"capitalCoordinates":[56.946,24.10589],"currencies":[{"code":"EUR","name":"euro","symbol":"€"}],"languages":[{"code":"lav","name":"letton"}],"timezones":["Europe/Riga"],"borders":[{"slug":"bielorussie","name":"Biélorussie","iso3":"BLR"},{"slug":"estonie","name":"Estonie","iso3":"EST"},{"slug":"lituanie","name":"Lituanie","iso3":"LTU"},{"slug":"russie","name":"Russie","iso3":"RUS"}],"independent":true,"unMember":true,"politicalStatus":{"code":"un-member-state","label":"État membre de l’Organisation des Nations unies","shortLabel":"État membre de l’ONU","description":"Lettonie figure parmi les 193 États membres de l’Organisation des Nations unies.","sourceIds":["unMembers"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30"},"landlocked":false,"territorialScope":{"summary":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique LVA/428 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois.","map":"Le contour et les coordonnées localisent l’entrée LVA à petite échelle ; ils ne servent pas à mesurer une frontière.","borders":"Les voisins décrivent les contacts terrestres du périmètre affiché. Les limites contestées ou maritimes ne sont pas transformées en frontières terrestres.","aggregates":"Les agrégats régionaux séparent les États membres des territoires codés afin d’éviter les doubles comptes ; le périmètre exact est affiché avec chaque calcul."},"fixedProvenance":{"name":{"value":"Lettonie","sourceIds":["m49","editorialRegistry"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Nom français usuel retenu pour la lecture et la recherche ; il est distingué du libellé statistique M49 exact.","evidenceUrl":"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/overview/","recordKey":"M49=428;ISO3=LVA","recordLabel":"Ligne territoriale M49 428","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"source primaire et exception éditoriale documentée","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique LVA/428 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"m49Name":{"value":"Lettonie","sourceIds":["m49"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Libellé français exact de l’entrée territoriale publié par la Division de statistique des Nations unies.","evidenceUrl":"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/overview/","recordKey":"M49=428;ISO3=LVA","recordLabel":"Ligne territoriale M49 428","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"enregistrement source identifié","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique LVA/428 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"identifiers":{"value":{"iso2":"LV","iso3":"LVA","m49":"428"},"sourceIds":["m49"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Codes ISO alpha-2, ISO alpha-3 et M49 repris de la table territoriale officielle de l’UNSD.","evidenceUrl":"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/overview/","recordKey":"M49=428;ISO3=LVA","recordLabel":"Ligne territoriale M49 428","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"enregistrement source identifié","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique LVA/428 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"classification":{"value":{"continent":{"code":"150","fr":"Europe"},"subregion":{"code":"154","name":"Europe septentrionale"}},"sourceIds":["m49"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Grande région et sous-région reprises de la hiérarchie statistique M49 ; ce classement ne constitue pas une appréciation politique.","evidenceUrl":"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/overview/","recordKey":"M49=428;ISO3=LVA","recordLabel":"Ligne territoriale M49 428","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"enregistrement source identifié","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique LVA/428 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"officialName":{"value":"République de Lettonie","sourceIds":["unterm","editorialRegistry"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Forme française contrôlée dans UNTERM et le registre de corrections.","evidenceUrl":"https://unterm.un.org/unterm2/en/","recordKey":"LVA:officialName","recordLabel":"Champ officialName de l’entrée LVA/428","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"source primaire et exception éditoriale documentée","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique LVA/428 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"capital":{"value":["Riga"],"sourceIds":["geonamesCountryInfo","unterm","editorialRegistry"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Capitale ou fonctions capitales contrôlées ; les cas sensibles reçoivent une note de statut.","evidenceUrl":"https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/countryInfo.txt","recordKey":"countryInfo.txt:ISO=LV","recordLabel":"Ligne LV du fichier countryInfo","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"source primaire et exception éditoriale documentée","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique LVA/428 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"politicalStatus":{"value":"État membre de l’ONU","sourceIds":["unMembers"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Statut distingué de la simple présence d’un code statistique M49.","evidenceUrl":"https://www.un.org/about-us/member-states","recordKey":"UN-member:LVA","recordLabel":"Statut ONU/M49 de LVA","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"enregistrement source identifié","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique LVA/428 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"languages":{"value":[{"code":"lav","name":"letton"}],"sourceIds":["geonamesCountryInfo","iso639","editorialRegistry"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Langues référencées ; la présence dans la liste n’implique pas automatiquement un statut officiel.","evidenceUrl":"https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/countryInfo.txt","recordKey":"countryInfo.txt:ISO=LV","recordLabel":"Ligne LV du fichier countryInfo","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"source primaire et exception éditoriale documentée","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique LVA/428 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"currencies":{"value":[{"code":"EUR","name":"euro","symbol":"€"}],"sourceIds":["geonamesCountryInfo","iso4217","editorialRegistry"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Codes monétaires en vigueur contrôlés dans ISO 4217 et, pour les changements récents, auprès de l’autorité monétaire.","evidenceUrl":"https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/countryInfo.txt","recordKey":"countryInfo.txt:ISO=LV","recordLabel":"Ligne LV du fichier countryInfo","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"source primaire et exception éditoriale documentée","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique LVA/428 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"timezones":{"value":["Europe/Riga"],"sourceIds":["iana"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Identifiants de la base IANA ; un fuseau n’est pas un simple décalage UTC permanent.","evidenceUrl":"https://www.iana.org/time-zones","recordKey":"zone1970.tab:LV:Europe/Riga","recordLabel":"Zones IANA rattachées au code LV","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"enregistrement source identifié","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique LVA/428 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"borders":{"value":[{"slug":"bielorussie","name":"Biélorussie","iso3":"BLR"},{"slug":"estonie","name":"Estonie","iso3":"EST"},{"slug":"lituanie","name":"Lituanie","iso3":"LTU"},{"slug":"russie","name":"Russie","iso3":"RUS"}],"sourceIds":["naturalEarth"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Voisinages rattachés à chaque entrée M49 dans le référentiel cartographique. Ils ne consolident pas automatiquement les frontières des territoires d’outre-mer avec celles de l’État associé ; les microfrontières et limites contestées demandent une vérification à plus grande échelle.","evidenceUrl":"https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/110m-cultural-vectors/110m-admin-0-countries/","recordKey":"ADM0_A3=LVA;neighbors=BLR,EST,LTU,RUS","recordLabel":"Voisinages contrôlés pour LVA","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"enregistrement source identifié","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique LVA/428 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"landlocked":{"value":false,"sourceIds":["mledoze","naturalEarth","editorialRegistry"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Attribut d’enclavement du référentiel territorial, contrôlé avec la géométrie ; il décrit l’accès direct à la mer, pas la qualité des corridors.","evidenceUrl":"https://github.com/mledoze/countries","recordKey":"LVA:landlocked","recordLabel":"Champ landlocked de l’entrée LVA/428","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"source primaire et exception éditoriale documentée","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique LVA/428 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"independent":{"value":true,"sourceIds":["unMembers","editorialRegistry"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Indicateur opérationnel distinct du statut ONU ; les observateurs, États en libre association, territoires et zones spéciales sont explicités par politicalStatus.","evidenceUrl":"https://www.un.org/about-us/member-states","recordKey":"LVA:independent","recordLabel":"Champ independent de l’entrée LVA/428","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"source primaire et exception éditoriale documentée","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique LVA/428 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"coordinates":{"value":[57,25],"sourceIds":["geonames"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Coordonnées WGS 84 utilisées pour la localisation générale.","evidenceUrl":"https://www.geonames.org/export/","recordKey":"GeoNames-country:LV:57,25","recordLabel":"Point de repère territorial LV","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"enregistrement source identifié","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique LVA/428 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"capitalCoordinates":{"value":[56.946,24.10589],"sourceIds":["geonames"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Coordonnées WGS 84 de la capitale de référence.","evidenceUrl":"https://www.geonames.org/export/","recordKey":"GeoNames-capital:LV:56.946,24.10589","recordLabel":"Point de repère de Riga","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"enregistrement source identifié","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique LVA/428 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"surfaceArea":{"value":64590,"sourceIds":["worldBankArea"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Dernière observation Banque mondiale disponible (2023), figée comme référence lors de la revue du 2026-07-30. Cette superficie totale n’est pas le dénominateur de la densité, qui utilise la surface terrestre.","evidenceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/lv/indicator/AG.SRF.TOTL.K2?format=json&per_page=100","recordKey":"LV:AG.SRF.TOTL.K2:64590","recordLabel":"Observation AG.SRF.TOTL.K2 pour LV","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"enregistrement source identifié","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique LVA/428 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."}},"fixedSourceRegistry":{"m49":{"name":"Division de statistique des Nations unies — nomenclature M49","url":"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/overview/","fields":["m49Name","m49","continent","subregion"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"unMembers":{"name":"Nations unies — États membres","url":"https://www.un.org/about-us/member-states","fields":["politicalStatus","unMember"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"unObservers":{"name":"Nations unies — États non membres observateurs","url":"https://www.un.org/fr/about-us/non-member-states","fields":["politicalStatus","unMember"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"geonamesCountryInfo":{"name":"GeoNames — countryInfo","url":"https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/countryInfo.txt","fields":["capital","languages","currencies","surfaceArea"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"worldBankArea":{"name":"Banque mondiale — superficie totale AG.SRF.TOTL.K2","url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.SRF.TOTL.K2","fields":["surfaceArea"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"canadaOfficialArea":{"name":"Gouvernement du Canada — superficie terrestre nationale","url":"https://www.canada.ca/fr/environnement-changement-climatique/services/indicateurs-environnementaux/aires-conservees.html","fields":["surfaceArea"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"unterm":{"name":"UNTERM — terminologie des Nations unies","url":"https://unterm.un.org/unterm2/en/","fields":["officialName","capital"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"iknAuthority":{"name":"Autorité de la capitale Nusantara — calendrier du transfert","url":"https://www.ikn.go.id/en/ketua-kpu-ri-nyatakan-dukungan-kuat-bagi-kelangsungan-pembangunan-ibu-kota-nusantara","fields":["capital"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"unJerusalem":{"name":"Conseil de sécurité des Nations unies — résolution 478 (1980)","url":"https://docs.un.org/fr/S/RES/478(1980)","fields":["capital","politicalStatus"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"southAfricaGovernment":{"name":"Gouvernement sud-africain — fonctions des trois capitales","url":"https://www.gov.za/about-sa/south-africa-glance","fields":["capital"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"montserratGovernment":{"name":"Gouvernement de Montserrat — siège à Brades","url":"https://www.gov.ms/contact-us/","fields":["capital"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"nauruParliament":{"name":"Parlement de Nauru — siège dans le district de Yaren","url":"https://www.nauru.gov.nr/parliament-of-nauru/contact-parliament.aspx","fields":["capital"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"netherlandsConstitution":{"name":"Gouvernement des Pays-Bas — Constitution du Royaume","url":"https://www.government.nl/documents/2019/02/28/the-constitution-of-the-kingdom-of-the-netherlands","fields":["capital"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"eswatiniParliament":{"name":"Parlement du Royaume d’Eswatini — siège à Lobamba","url":"https://parliament.gov.sz/contactus/","fields":["capital"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"boliviaGovernment":{"name":"Présidence de la Bolivie — Sucre, capitale de l’État","url":"https://vc.presidencia.gob.bo/index.php/prensa/57-junio/1303-en-el-marco-del-bicentenario%2C-presidente-arce-inaugura-la-37%C2%AA-olimpiada-internacional-de-inform%C3%A1tica-en-sucre","fields":["capital"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"iso4217":{"name":"SIX, agence de maintenance ISO 4217","url":"https://www.six-group.com/en/products-services/financial-information/data-standards.html","fields":["currencies"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"iso639":{"name":"ISO 639 — codes des langues","url":"https://www.iso.org/iso-639-language-code","fields":["languages"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"iana":{"name":"IANA Time Zone Database","url":"https://www.iana.org/time-zones","fields":["timezones"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"naturalEarth":{"name":"Natural Earth — Admin 0 Countries","url":"https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/110m-cultural-vectors/110m-admin-0-countries/","fields":["borders","map"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"mledoze":{"name":"mledoze/countries — attribut géographique landlocked","url":"https://github.com/mledoze/countries","fields":["landlocked"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"geonames":{"name":"GeoNames — coordonnées WGS 84","url":"https://www.geonames.org/export/","fields":["coordinates","capitalCoordinates"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"editorialRegistry":{"name":"Registre de corrections Geographie.com","url":"https://www.geographie.com/sources#donnees-fixes","fields":["name","officialName","capital","languages","currencies","politicalStatus"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"}},"indicators":{"population":{"code":"SP.POP.TOTL","label":"Population totale","unit":"habitants","latest":{"year":2025,"value":1847785},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":2367550},{"year":2005,"value":2238799},{"year":2010,"value":2097555},{"year":2015,"value":1977527},{"year":2020,"value":1900449},{"year":2021,"value":1884490},{"year":2022,"value":1879383},{"year":2023,"value":1883710},{"year":2024,"value":1866124},{"year":2025,"value":1847785}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/population"},"density":{"code":"EN.POP.DNST","label":"Densité de population","unit":"hab./km²","latest":{"year":2023,"value":30.2701269484172},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":38.0469892490398},{"year":2005,"value":35.9779356228004},{"year":2010,"value":33.7081170552975},{"year":2015,"value":31.7792437366417},{"year":2019,"value":30.755491989008},{"year":2020,"value":30.5391129680219},{"year":2021,"value":30.2826610959344},{"year":2022,"value":30.2005945685361},{"year":2023,"value":30.2701269484172}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/densite-population"},"gdp":{"code":"NY.GDP.MKTP.CD","label":"Produit intérieur brut","unit":"$ US courants","latest":{"year":2025,"value":48618869160.3254},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":7761252607.18424},{"year":2005,"value":16306935905.4138},{"year":2010,"value":23468324572.3343},{"year":2015,"value":26344565876.8902},{"year":2020,"value":33379927434.6149},{"year":2021,"value":38183326784.9335},{"year":2022,"value":38003198508.9107},{"year":2023,"value":42779550936.838},{"year":2024,"value":44001275012.6141},{"year":2025,"value":48618869160.3254}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/pib"},"gdpPerCapita":{"code":"NY.GDP.PCAP.CD","label":"PIB par habitant","unit":"$ US courants","latest":{"year":2025,"value":26311.9730706362},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":3278.17896440803},{"year":2005,"value":7283.78738127622},{"year":2010,"value":11188.4191700977},{"year":2015,"value":13321.9753140616},{"year":2020,"value":17564.2321549354},{"year":2021,"value":20261.8887788916},{"year":2022,"value":20221.103686109},{"year":2023,"value":22710.2637544197},{"year":2024,"value":23578.9663562625},{"year":2025,"value":26311.9730706362}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/pib-par-habitant"},"lifeExpectancy":{"code":"SP.DYN.LE00.IN","label":"Espérance de vie à la naissance","unit":"années","latest":{"year":2024,"value":76.4292682926829},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":70.3146341463415},{"year":2005,"value":71.3560975609756},{"year":2010,"value":73.4829268292683},{"year":2015,"value":74.4804878048781},{"year":2020,"value":75.1853658536585},{"year":2021,"value":72.9804878048781},{"year":2022,"value":74.2780487804878},{"year":2023,"value":75.4268292682927},{"year":2024,"value":76.4292682926829}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/esperance-de-vie"},"urbanPopulation":{"code":"SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS","label":"Population urbaine","unit":"% de la population","latest":{"year":2025,"value":68.6325719753517},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":68.0520561441955},{"year":2005,"value":67.8953910570353},{"year":2010,"value":67.8270681752453},{"year":2015,"value":67.8965395668259},{"year":2020,"value":68.1211222872228},{"year":2021,"value":68.1808791463693},{"year":2022,"value":68.2570218109034},{"year":2023,"value":68.3586316343061},{"year":2024,"value":68.4839492628509},{"year":2025,"value":68.6325719753517}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/population-urbaine"},"surfaceArea":{"code":"AG.SRF.TOTL.K2","label":"Superficie","unit":"km²","latest":{"year":null,"value":64590,"sourceObservationYear":2023,"referenceType":"fixed","reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","sourceIds":["worldBankArea"]},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":64594},{"year":2005,"value":64594},{"year":2010,"value":64594},{"year":2015,"value":64594},{"year":2019,"value":64594},{"year":2020,"value":64590},{"year":2021,"value":64590},{"year":2022,"value":64590},{"year":2023,"value":64590}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/superficie"},"populationGrowth":{"code":"SP.POP.GROW","label":"Croissance démographique","unit":"% annuel","latest":{"year":2025,"value":-0.987592806179397},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":-0.963935407092365},{"year":2005,"value":-1.08057145691172},{"year":2010,"value":-2.08130508988111},{"year":2015,"value":-0.818626340945853},{"year":2020,"value":-0.701211570733301},{"year":2021,"value":-0.843294678005026},{"year":2022,"value":-0.271369577775699},{"year":2023,"value":0.22997050070229},{"year":2024,"value":-0.93796839712162},{"year":2025,"value":-0.987592806179397}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/croissance-demographique"},"fertility":{"code":"SP.DYN.TFRT.IN","label":"Indice de fécondité","unit":"enfants par femme","latest":{"year":2024,"value":1.24},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":1.25},{"year":2005,"value":1.39},{"year":2010,"value":1.36},{"year":2015,"value":1.7},{"year":2020,"value":1.55},{"year":2021,"value":1.57},{"year":2022,"value":1.47},{"year":2023,"value":1.36},{"year":2024,"value":1.24}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/fecondite"},"birthRate":{"code":"SP.DYN.CBRT.IN","label":"Taux brut de natalité","unit":"pour 1 000 habitants","latest":{"year":2024,"value":6.9},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":8.6},{"year":2005,"value":9.8},{"year":2010,"value":9.4},{"year":2015,"value":11.1},{"year":2020,"value":9.2},{"year":2021,"value":9.2},{"year":2022,"value":8.5},{"year":2023,"value":7.7},{"year":2024,"value":6.9}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/taux-natalite"},"deathRate":{"code":"SP.DYN.CDRT.IN","label":"Taux brut de mortalité","unit":"pour 1 000 habitants","latest":{"year":2024,"value":14.3},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":13.6},{"year":2005,"value":14.6},{"year":2010,"value":14.3},{"year":2015,"value":14.4},{"year":2020,"value":15.2},{"year":2021,"value":18.4},{"year":2022,"value":16.4},{"year":2023,"value":14.9},{"year":2024,"value":14.3}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/taux-mortalite"},"netMigration":{"code":"SM.POP.NETM","label":"Solde migratoire","unit":"personnes","latest":{"year":2025,"value":-7330},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":-15679},{"year":2005,"value":-11134},{"year":2010,"value":-36128},{"year":2015,"value":-10826},{"year":2020,"value":-3147},{"year":2021,"value":-280},{"year":2022,"value":22027},{"year":2023,"value":7966},{"year":2024,"value":-2225},{"year":2025,"value":-7330}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/solde-migratoire"},"landArea":{"code":"AG.LND.TOTL.K2","label":"Surface terrestre","unit":"km²","latest":{"year":2023,"value":62230},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":62227},{"year":2005,"value":62227},{"year":2010,"value":62227},{"year":2015,"value":62227},{"year":2019,"value":62227},{"year":2020,"value":62230},{"year":2021,"value":62230},{"year":2022,"value":62230},{"year":2023,"value":62230}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/surface-terrestre"},"forestArea":{"code":"AG.LND.FRST.ZS","label":"Surface forestière","unit":"% du territoire","latest":{"year":2023,"value":54.9959826450265},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":52.0835007311939},{"year":2005,"value":53.1370626898292},{"year":2010,"value":54.1906246484645},{"year":2015,"value":54.5011008083308},{"year":2019,"value":54.7498674208945},{"year":2020,"value":54.8094166800579},{"year":2021,"value":54.8716053350474},{"year":2022,"value":54.933793990037},{"year":2023,"value":54.9959826450265}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/surface-forestiere"},"agriculturalLand":{"code":"AG.LND.AGRI.ZS","label":"Terres agricoles","unit":"% du territoire","latest":{"year":2023,"value":31.6728266109593},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":25.5194690407701},{"year":2005,"value":27.8657174538384},{"year":2010,"value":29.0067012711524},{"year":2015,"value":30.2842817426519},{"year":2019,"value":31.4975814357112},{"year":2020,"value":31.6406877711715},{"year":2021,"value":31.6567571910654},{"year":2022,"value":31.6567571910654},{"year":2023,"value":31.6728266109593}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/terres-agricoles"},"arableLand":{"code":"AG.LND.ARBL.ZS","label":"Terres arables","unit":"% du territoire","latest":{"year":2023,"value":21.8544110557609},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":15.588088771755},{"year":2005,"value":17.5486525141819},{"year":2010,"value":18.8503382775965},{"year":2015,"value":19.7631253314478},{"year":2019,"value":21.1965866906648},{"year":2020,"value":21.4366061385184},{"year":2021,"value":21.8865498955488},{"year":2022,"value":21.8062027960791},{"year":2023,"value":21.8544110557609}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/terres-arables"},"gdpPppPerCapita":{"code":"NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD","label":"PIB par habitant en parité de pouvoir d’achat","unit":"$ internationaux courants","latest":{"year":2025,"value":46136.689377286},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":7848.90854892793},{"year":2005,"value":12825.873779559},{"year":2010,"value":16373.4037320495},{"year":2015,"value":22543.9183164105},{"year":2020,"value":32741.4207691987},{"year":2021,"value":36912.0130602161},{"year":2022,"value":40546.4638799692},{"year":2023,"value":42783.8260226567},{"year":2024,"value":43873.3777849582},{"year":2025,"value":46136.689377286}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/pib-par-habitant-ppa"},"gdpGrowth":{"code":"NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG","label":"Croissance du PIB réel","unit":"% annuel","latest":{"year":2025,"value":2.13786855731288},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":5.84102642353959},{"year":2005,"value":11.6153178557457},{"year":2010,"value":-3.66125859554762},{"year":2015,"value":3.78336712084972},{"year":2020,"value":-3.46922750780554},{"year":2021,"value":6.94254173062592},{"year":2022,"value":1.90853419029801},{"year":2023,"value":-0.941606068823631},{"year":2024,"value":-0.0370556648288982},{"year":2025,"value":2.13786855731288}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/croissance-pib"},"inflation":{"code":"FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG","label":"Inflation des prix à la consommation","unit":"% annuel","latest":{"year":2025,"value":3.74577316751945},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":2.65425477796048},{"year":2005,"value":6.74845027893124},{"year":2010,"value":-1.08463595015155},{"year":2015,"value":0.174242243625186},{"year":2020,"value":0.219064904841985},{"year":2021,"value":3.27582937431165},{"year":2022,"value":17.3102830198815},{"year":2023,"value":8.9380462331663},{"year":2024,"value":1.26579885828729},{"year":2025,"value":3.74577316751945}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/inflation"},"unemployment":{"code":"SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS","label":"Taux de chômage","unit":"% de la population active","latest":{"year":2025,"value":6.568},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":14.211},{"year":2005,"value":10.033},{"year":2010,"value":19.482},{"year":2015,"value":9.873},{"year":2020,"value":8.098},{"year":2021,"value":7.513},{"year":2022,"value":6.815},{"year":2023,"value":6.465},{"year":2024,"value":6.9},{"year":2025,"value":6.568}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/chomage"},"trade":{"code":"NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS","label":"Échanges de biens et services","unit":"% du PIB","latest":{"year":2025,"value":129.724453873327},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":83.6121321100556},{"year":2005,"value":104.517156602918},{"year":2010,"value":110.86235386272},{"year":2015,"value":126.380014406006},{"year":2020,"value":123.88319804656},{"year":2021,"value":136.796615414819},{"year":2022,"value":159.892778190649},{"year":2023,"value":135.642989154266},{"year":2024,"value":131.309582395769},{"year":2025,"value":129.724453873327}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/ouverture-commerciale"},"infantMortality":{"code":"SP.DYN.IMRT.IN","label":"Mortalité infantile","unit":"pour 1 000 naissances","latest":{"year":2024,"value":2.2},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":11.6},{"year":2005,"value":8.6},{"year":2010,"value":6.4},{"year":2015,"value":4.3},{"year":2020,"value":3.1},{"year":2021,"value":2.9},{"year":2022,"value":2.6},{"year":2023,"value":2.4},{"year":2024,"value":2.2}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/mortalite-infantile"},"internetUsers":{"code":"IT.NET.USER.ZS","label":"Utilisateurs d’Internet","unit":"% de la population","latest":{"year":2024,"value":92.70757011},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":6.31906208267861},{"year":2005,"value":46},{"year":2010,"value":68.42},{"year":2015,"value":79.2005829239344},{"year":2020,"value":88.89796078},{"year":2021,"value":91.17964988},{"year":2022,"value":91.03009059},{"year":2023,"value":92.18791291},{"year":2024,"value":92.70757011}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/utilisateurs-internet"},"mobileSubscriptions":{"code":"IT.CEL.SETS.P2","label":"Abonnements mobiles","unit":"pour 100 habitants","latest":{"year":2024,"value":121.262202363304},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":16.9433685496807},{"year":2005,"value":83.5617184514221},{"year":2010,"value":109.927825454005},{"year":2015,"value":130.949148754694},{"year":2020,"value":107.902487108935},{"year":2021,"value":114.644670333429},{"year":2022,"value":115.202627450543},{"year":2023,"value":119.909944560018},{"year":2024,"value":121.262202363304}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/abonnements-mobiles"},"accessElectricity":{"code":"EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS","label":"Accès à l’électricité","unit":"% de la population","latest":{"year":2024,"value":100},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":99.9},{"year":2005,"value":99.7},{"year":2010,"value":99.8},{"year":2015,"value":100},{"year":2020,"value":100},{"year":2021,"value":100},{"year":2022,"value":100},{"year":2023,"value":100},{"year":2024,"value":100}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/acces-electricite"},"healthExpenditure":{"code":"SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS","label":"Dépenses courantes de santé","unit":"% du PIB","latest":{"year":2023,"value":7.27783823},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":5.57169294},{"year":2005,"value":6.08161736},{"year":2010,"value":6.22420359},{"year":2015,"value":5.84916782},{"year":2019,"value":6.86276913},{"year":2020,"value":7.50587368},{"year":2021,"value":9.4105072},{"year":2022,"value":8.1044302},{"year":2023,"value":7.27783823}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/depenses-sante"},"schoolSecondary":{"code":"SE.SEC.ENRR","label":"Scolarisation dans le secondaire","unit":"% brut","latest":{"year":2024,"value":101.252647399902},"series":[{"year":2005,"value":102.686317443848},{"year":2010,"value":102.822158813477},{"year":2015,"value":112.356651306152},{"year":2020,"value":105.956283569336},{"year":2021,"value":105.814010620117},{"year":2022,"value":104.764526367188},{"year":2023,"value":102.126243591309},{"year":2024,"value":101.252647399902}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/scolarisation-secondaire"},"renewableEnergy":{"code":"EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS","label":"Énergies renouvelables dans la consommation finale","unit":"% de la consommation","latest":{"year":2021,"value":44},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":35.8},{"year":2005,"value":36.3},{"year":2010,"value":33.1},{"year":2015,"value":38.1},{"year":2017,"value":42.6},{"year":2018,"value":41},{"year":2019,"value":41.5},{"year":2020,"value":43.8},{"year":2021,"value":44}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/energie-renouvelable"},"co2PerCapita":{"code":"EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5","label":"Émissions de CO₂ par habitant","unit":"t éq. CO₂ par habitant","latest":{"year":2024,"value":3.647774745944},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":3.05416992249372},{"year":2005,"value":3.58674450006454},{"year":2010,"value":4.23345275809216},{"year":2015,"value":3.86745667695055},{"year":2020,"value":3.82914774350693},{"year":2021,"value":3.99598830452802},{"year":2022,"value":3.68567769315781},{"year":2023,"value":3.66319656422698},{"year":2024,"value":3.647774745944}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/emissions-co2-par-habitant"},"freshwaterWithdrawals":{"code":"ER.H2O.FWTL.ZS","label":"Prélèvements d’eau douce","unit":"% des ressources internes","latest":{"year":2022,"value":1.0173199527745},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":1.71558441558442},{"year":2005,"value":1.30909090909091},{"year":2010,"value":1.6245572609209},{"year":2015,"value":1.043093270366},{"year":2018,"value":1.08234356552538},{"year":2019,"value":1.05448051948052},{"year":2020,"value":1.0697225501771},{"year":2021,"value":1.08884297520661},{"year":2022,"value":1.0173199527745}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/prelevements-eau-douce"},"militaryExpenditure":{"code":"MS.MIL.XPND.GD.ZS","label":"Dépenses militaires","unit":"% du PIB","latest":{"year":2024,"value":3.25799154535171},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":0.901766970575075},{"year":2005,"value":1.67142105821102},{"year":2010,"value":1.10611728003503},{"year":2015,"value":1.07352247572393},{"year":2020,"value":2.22759521686375},{"year":2021,"value":2.15577987505149},{"year":2022,"value":2.25461931057619},{"year":2023,"value":2.97016956920808},{"year":2024,"value":3.25799154535171}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/depenses-militaires"},"airPassengers":{"code":"IS.AIR.PSGR","label":"Passagers du transport aérien","unit":"passagers transportés","latest":{"year":2023,"value":4475904},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":278396},{"year":2005,"value":1032128},{"year":2010,"value":3158051},{"year":2015,"value":2527368},{"year":2019,"value":4976410},{"year":2020,"value":1323070},{"year":2021,"value":1598685},{"year":2022,"value":3664379.764},{"year":2023,"value":4475904}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/transport-aerien-passagers"}},"seriesMode":"repères chronologiques : années jalons 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 et dernières observations ; pas une série annuelle exhaustive","url":"https://www.geographie.com/pays/lettonie","sources":{"territories":"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/","indicators":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/","territorialNamesAndCapitals":"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/geonames/","currencies":"https://www.iso.org/fr/iso-4217-currency-codes.html","languages":"https://www.iso.org/iso-639-language-code","borders":"https://www.naturalearthdata.com/","fixedFieldsRegister":"https://www.geographie.com/sources#donnees-fixes","timezones":"https://www.iana.org/time-zones","capitalCoordinates":"https://www.geonames.org/","licences":"https://www.geographie.com/sources#licences"},"retrievedAt":"2026-07-29","fixedDataReviewedAt":"2026-07-30"}