{"schemaVersion":"2.5.0","datasetVersion":"2.5.0","slug":"allemagne","name":"Allemagne","m49Name":"Allemagne","officialName":"République fédérale d'Allemagne","iso2":"DE","iso3":"DEU","m49":"276","continent":{"code":"150","fr":"Europe"},"subregion":{"code":"155","name":"Europe occidentale"},"capital":["Berlin"],"coordinates":[51,9],"capitalCoordinates":[52.52437,13.41053],"currencies":[{"code":"EUR","name":"euro","symbol":"€"}],"languages":[{"code":"deu","name":"allemand"}],"timezones":["Europe/Berlin","Europe/Zurich"],"borders":[{"slug":"autriche","name":"Autriche","iso3":"AUT"},{"slug":"belgique","name":"Belgique","iso3":"BEL"},{"slug":"tchequie","name":"Tchéquie","iso3":"CZE"},{"slug":"danemark","name":"Danemark","iso3":"DNK"},{"slug":"france","name":"France","iso3":"FRA"},{"slug":"luxembourg","name":"Luxembourg","iso3":"LUX"},{"slug":"pays-bas","name":"Pays-Bas","iso3":"NLD"},{"slug":"pologne","name":"Pologne","iso3":"POL"},{"slug":"suisse","name":"Suisse","iso3":"CHE"}],"independent":true,"unMember":true,"politicalStatus":{"code":"un-member-state","label":"État membre de l’Organisation des Nations unies","shortLabel":"État membre de l’ONU","description":"Allemagne figure parmi les 193 États membres de l’Organisation des Nations unies.","sourceIds":["unMembers"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30"},"landlocked":false,"territorialScope":{"summary":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique DEU/276 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois.","map":"Le contour et les coordonnées localisent l’entrée DEU à petite échelle ; ils ne servent pas à mesurer une frontière.","borders":"Les voisins décrivent les contacts terrestres du périmètre affiché. Les limites contestées ou maritimes ne sont pas transformées en frontières terrestres.","aggregates":"Les agrégats régionaux séparent les États membres des territoires codés afin d’éviter les doubles comptes ; le périmètre exact est affiché avec chaque calcul."},"fixedProvenance":{"name":{"value":"Allemagne","sourceIds":["m49","editorialRegistry"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Nom français usuel retenu pour la lecture et la recherche ; il est distingué du libellé statistique M49 exact.","evidenceUrl":"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/overview/","recordKey":"M49=276;ISO3=DEU","recordLabel":"Ligne territoriale M49 276","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"source primaire et exception éditoriale documentée","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique DEU/276 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"m49Name":{"value":"Allemagne","sourceIds":["m49"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Libellé français exact de l’entrée territoriale publié par la Division de statistique des Nations unies.","evidenceUrl":"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/overview/","recordKey":"M49=276;ISO3=DEU","recordLabel":"Ligne territoriale M49 276","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"enregistrement source identifié","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique DEU/276 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"identifiers":{"value":{"iso2":"DE","iso3":"DEU","m49":"276"},"sourceIds":["m49"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Codes ISO alpha-2, ISO alpha-3 et M49 repris de la table territoriale officielle de l’UNSD.","evidenceUrl":"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/overview/","recordKey":"M49=276;ISO3=DEU","recordLabel":"Ligne territoriale M49 276","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"enregistrement source identifié","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique DEU/276 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"classification":{"value":{"continent":{"code":"150","fr":"Europe"},"subregion":{"code":"155","name":"Europe occidentale"}},"sourceIds":["m49"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Grande région et sous-région reprises de la hiérarchie statistique M49 ; ce classement ne constitue pas une appréciation politique.","evidenceUrl":"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/overview/","recordKey":"M49=276;ISO3=DEU","recordLabel":"Ligne territoriale M49 276","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"enregistrement source identifié","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique DEU/276 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"officialName":{"value":"République fédérale d'Allemagne","sourceIds":["unterm","editorialRegistry"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Forme française contrôlée dans UNTERM et le registre de corrections.","evidenceUrl":"https://unterm.un.org/unterm2/en/","recordKey":"DEU:officialName","recordLabel":"Champ officialName de l’entrée DEU/276","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"source primaire et exception éditoriale documentée","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique DEU/276 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"capital":{"value":["Berlin"],"sourceIds":["geonamesCountryInfo","unterm","editorialRegistry"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Capitale ou fonctions capitales contrôlées ; les cas sensibles reçoivent une note de statut.","evidenceUrl":"https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/countryInfo.txt","recordKey":"countryInfo.txt:ISO=DE","recordLabel":"Ligne DE du fichier countryInfo","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"source primaire et exception éditoriale documentée","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique DEU/276 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"politicalStatus":{"value":"État membre de l’ONU","sourceIds":["unMembers"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Statut distingué de la simple présence d’un code statistique M49.","evidenceUrl":"https://www.un.org/about-us/member-states","recordKey":"UN-member:DEU","recordLabel":"Statut ONU/M49 de DEU","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"enregistrement source identifié","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique DEU/276 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"languages":{"value":[{"code":"deu","name":"allemand"}],"sourceIds":["geonamesCountryInfo","iso639","editorialRegistry"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Langues référencées ; la présence dans la liste n’implique pas automatiquement un statut officiel.","evidenceUrl":"https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/countryInfo.txt","recordKey":"countryInfo.txt:ISO=DE","recordLabel":"Ligne DE du fichier countryInfo","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"source primaire et exception éditoriale documentée","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique DEU/276 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"currencies":{"value":[{"code":"EUR","name":"euro","symbol":"€"}],"sourceIds":["geonamesCountryInfo","iso4217","editorialRegistry"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Codes monétaires en vigueur contrôlés dans ISO 4217 et, pour les changements récents, auprès de l’autorité monétaire.","evidenceUrl":"https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/countryInfo.txt","recordKey":"countryInfo.txt:ISO=DE","recordLabel":"Ligne DE du fichier countryInfo","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"source primaire et exception éditoriale documentée","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique DEU/276 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"timezones":{"value":["Europe/Berlin","Europe/Zurich"],"sourceIds":["iana"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Identifiants de la base IANA ; un fuseau n’est pas un simple décalage UTC permanent.","evidenceUrl":"https://www.iana.org/time-zones","recordKey":"zone1970.tab:DE:Europe/Berlin|Europe/Zurich","recordLabel":"Zones IANA rattachées au code DE","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"enregistrement source identifié","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique DEU/276 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"borders":{"value":[{"slug":"autriche","name":"Autriche","iso3":"AUT"},{"slug":"belgique","name":"Belgique","iso3":"BEL"},{"slug":"tchequie","name":"Tchéquie","iso3":"CZE"},{"slug":"danemark","name":"Danemark","iso3":"DNK"},{"slug":"france","name":"France","iso3":"FRA"},{"slug":"luxembourg","name":"Luxembourg","iso3":"LUX"},{"slug":"pays-bas","name":"Pays-Bas","iso3":"NLD"},{"slug":"pologne","name":"Pologne","iso3":"POL"},{"slug":"suisse","name":"Suisse","iso3":"CHE"}],"sourceIds":["naturalEarth"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Voisinages rattachés à chaque entrée M49 dans le référentiel cartographique. Ils ne consolident pas automatiquement les frontières des territoires d’outre-mer avec celles de l’État associé ; les microfrontières et limites contestées demandent une vérification à plus grande échelle.","evidenceUrl":"https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/110m-cultural-vectors/110m-admin-0-countries/","recordKey":"ADM0_A3=DEU;neighbors=AUT,BEL,CZE,DNK,FRA,LUX,NLD,POL,CHE","recordLabel":"Voisinages contrôlés pour DEU","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"enregistrement source identifié","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique DEU/276 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"landlocked":{"value":false,"sourceIds":["mledoze","naturalEarth","editorialRegistry"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Attribut d’enclavement du référentiel territorial, contrôlé avec la géométrie ; il décrit l’accès direct à la mer, pas la qualité des corridors.","evidenceUrl":"https://github.com/mledoze/countries","recordKey":"DEU:landlocked","recordLabel":"Champ landlocked de l’entrée DEU/276","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"source primaire et exception éditoriale documentée","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique DEU/276 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"independent":{"value":true,"sourceIds":["unMembers","editorialRegistry"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Indicateur opérationnel distinct du statut ONU ; les observateurs, États en libre association, territoires et zones spéciales sont explicités par politicalStatus.","evidenceUrl":"https://www.un.org/about-us/member-states","recordKey":"DEU:independent","recordLabel":"Champ independent de l’entrée DEU/276","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"source primaire et exception éditoriale documentée","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique DEU/276 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"coordinates":{"value":[51,9],"sourceIds":["geonames"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Coordonnées WGS 84 utilisées pour la localisation générale.","evidenceUrl":"https://www.geonames.org/export/","recordKey":"GeoNames-country:DE:51,9","recordLabel":"Point de repère territorial DE","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"enregistrement source identifié","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique DEU/276 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"capitalCoordinates":{"value":[52.52437,13.41053],"sourceIds":["geonames"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Coordonnées WGS 84 de la capitale de référence.","evidenceUrl":"https://www.geonames.org/export/","recordKey":"GeoNames-capital:DE:52.52437,13.41053","recordLabel":"Point de repère de Berlin","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"enregistrement source identifié","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique DEU/276 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."},"surfaceArea":{"value":357680,"sourceIds":["worldBankArea"],"reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","method":"Dernière observation Banque mondiale disponible (2023), figée comme référence lors de la revue du 2026-07-30. Cette superficie totale n’est pas le dénominateur de la densité, qui utilise la surface terrestre.","evidenceUrl":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/de/indicator/AG.SRF.TOTL.K2?format=json&per_page=100","recordKey":"DE:AG.SRF.TOTL.K2:357680","recordLabel":"Observation AG.SRF.TOTL.K2 pour DE","accessedAt":"2026-07-29","verificationLevel":"enregistrement source identifié","scope":"Les indicateurs décrivent l’entrée statistique DEU/276 ; les dépendances disposant de leur propre code M49 ne sont pas additionnées une seconde fois."}},"fixedSourceRegistry":{"m49":{"name":"Division de statistique des Nations unies — nomenclature M49","url":"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/overview/","fields":["m49Name","m49","continent","subregion"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"unMembers":{"name":"Nations unies — États membres","url":"https://www.un.org/about-us/member-states","fields":["politicalStatus","unMember"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"unObservers":{"name":"Nations unies — États non membres observateurs","url":"https://www.un.org/fr/about-us/non-member-states","fields":["politicalStatus","unMember"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"geonamesCountryInfo":{"name":"GeoNames — countryInfo","url":"https://download.geonames.org/export/dump/countryInfo.txt","fields":["capital","languages","currencies","surfaceArea"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"worldBankArea":{"name":"Banque mondiale — superficie totale AG.SRF.TOTL.K2","url":"https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/AG.SRF.TOTL.K2","fields":["surfaceArea"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"canadaOfficialArea":{"name":"Gouvernement du Canada — superficie terrestre nationale","url":"https://www.canada.ca/fr/environnement-changement-climatique/services/indicateurs-environnementaux/aires-conservees.html","fields":["surfaceArea"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"unterm":{"name":"UNTERM — terminologie des Nations unies","url":"https://unterm.un.org/unterm2/en/","fields":["officialName","capital"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"iknAuthority":{"name":"Autorité de la capitale Nusantara — calendrier du transfert","url":"https://www.ikn.go.id/en/ketua-kpu-ri-nyatakan-dukungan-kuat-bagi-kelangsungan-pembangunan-ibu-kota-nusantara","fields":["capital"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"unJerusalem":{"name":"Conseil de sécurité des Nations unies — résolution 478 (1980)","url":"https://docs.un.org/fr/S/RES/478(1980)","fields":["capital","politicalStatus"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"southAfricaGovernment":{"name":"Gouvernement sud-africain — fonctions des trois capitales","url":"https://www.gov.za/about-sa/south-africa-glance","fields":["capital"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"montserratGovernment":{"name":"Gouvernement de Montserrat — siège à Brades","url":"https://www.gov.ms/contact-us/","fields":["capital"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"nauruParliament":{"name":"Parlement de Nauru — siège dans le district de Yaren","url":"https://www.nauru.gov.nr/parliament-of-nauru/contact-parliament.aspx","fields":["capital"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"netherlandsConstitution":{"name":"Gouvernement des Pays-Bas — Constitution du Royaume","url":"https://www.government.nl/documents/2019/02/28/the-constitution-of-the-kingdom-of-the-netherlands","fields":["capital"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"eswatiniParliament":{"name":"Parlement du Royaume d’Eswatini — siège à Lobamba","url":"https://parliament.gov.sz/contactus/","fields":["capital"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"boliviaGovernment":{"name":"Présidence de la Bolivie — Sucre, capitale de l’État","url":"https://vc.presidencia.gob.bo/index.php/prensa/57-junio/1303-en-el-marco-del-bicentenario%2C-presidente-arce-inaugura-la-37%C2%AA-olimpiada-internacional-de-inform%C3%A1tica-en-sucre","fields":["capital"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"iso4217":{"name":"SIX, agence de maintenance ISO 4217","url":"https://www.six-group.com/en/products-services/financial-information/data-standards.html","fields":["currencies"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"iso639":{"name":"ISO 639 — codes des langues","url":"https://www.iso.org/iso-639-language-code","fields":["languages"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"iana":{"name":"IANA Time Zone Database","url":"https://www.iana.org/time-zones","fields":["timezones"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"naturalEarth":{"name":"Natural Earth — Admin 0 Countries","url":"https://www.naturalearthdata.com/downloads/110m-cultural-vectors/110m-admin-0-countries/","fields":["borders","map"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"mledoze":{"name":"mledoze/countries — attribut géographique landlocked","url":"https://github.com/mledoze/countries","fields":["landlocked"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"geonames":{"name":"GeoNames — coordonnées WGS 84","url":"https://www.geonames.org/export/","fields":["coordinates","capitalCoordinates"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"},"editorialRegistry":{"name":"Registre de corrections Geographie.com","url":"https://www.geographie.com/sources#donnees-fixes","fields":["name","officialName","capital","languages","currencies","politicalStatus"],"accessedAt":"2026-07-29","snapshot":"Référentiel consulté le 2026-07-29"}},"indicators":{"population":{"code":"SP.POP.TOTL","label":"Population totale","unit":"habitants","latest":{"year":2025,"value":83491249},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":82211508},{"year":2005,"value":82469422},{"year":2010,"value":81776930},{"year":2015,"value":81686611},{"year":2020,"value":83160871},{"year":2021,"value":83196078},{"year":2022,"value":83177813},{"year":2023,"value":83287273},{"year":2024,"value":83516593},{"year":2025,"value":83491249}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/population"},"density":{"code":"EN.POP.DNST","label":"Densité de population","unit":"hab./km²","latest":{"year":2023,"value":238.351810090719},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":235.596813297034},{"year":2005,"value":236.464680582636},{"year":2010,"value":234.606908225034},{"year":2015,"value":234.152986871524},{"year":2019,"value":237.822954291766},{"year":2020,"value":238.017318755545},{"year":2021,"value":238.118085806692},{"year":2022,"value":238.086252003664},{"year":2023,"value":238.351810090719}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/densite-population"},"gdp":{"code":"NY.GDP.MKTP.CD","label":"Produit intérieur brut","unit":"$ US courants","latest":{"year":2025,"value":5050922925047.05},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":1966980701145.1},{"year":2005,"value":2893393187361.87},{"year":2010,"value":3467093769666.67},{"year":2015,"value":3425099578746.09},{"year":2020,"value":3941398957073.94},{"year":2021,"value":4355251953410.78},{"year":2022,"value":4201021706478.62},{"year":2023,"value":4562207532490.28},{"year":2024,"value":4685592577804.69},{"year":2025,"value":5050922925047.05}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/pib"},"gdpPerCapita":{"code":"NY.GDP.PCAP.CD","label":"PIB par habitant","unit":"$ US courants","latest":{"year":2025,"value":60496.4350820414},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":23925.8559901991},{"year":2005,"value":35084.4363546269},{"year":2010,"value":42396.9665976293},{"year":2015,"value":41929.7549110722},{"year":2020,"value":47394.8734504469},{"year":2021,"value":52349.2459994422},{"year":2022,"value":50506.5179638543},{"year":2023,"value":54776.7668235491},{"year":2024,"value":56103.7323182554},{"year":2025,"value":60496.4350820414}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/pib-par-habitant"},"lifeExpectancy":{"code":"SP.DYN.LE00.IN","label":"Espérance de vie à la naissance","unit":"années","latest":{"year":2024,"value":80.7926829268293},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":77.9268292682927},{"year":2005,"value":78.9317073170732},{"year":2010,"value":79.9878048780488},{"year":2015,"value":80.6414634146341},{"year":2020,"value":81.0414634146342},{"year":2021,"value":80.790243902439},{"year":2022,"value":80.6080487804878},{"year":2023,"value":81.0414634146342},{"year":2024,"value":80.7926829268293}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/esperance-de-vie"},"urbanPopulation":{"code":"SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS","label":"Population urbaine","unit":"% de la population","latest":{"year":2025,"value":82.13822205362},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":80.0942160905637},{"year":2005,"value":80.1745168510383},{"year":2010,"value":80.305702559949},{"year":2015,"value":80.6974371632814},{"year":2020,"value":81.4700055002738},{"year":2021,"value":81.6325870653934},{"year":2022,"value":81.7867852780995},{"year":2023,"value":81.9034366692129},{"year":2024,"value":82.0211432579125},{"year":2025,"value":82.13822205362}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/population-urbaine"},"surfaceArea":{"code":"AG.SRF.TOTL.K2","label":"Superficie","unit":"km²","latest":{"year":null,"value":357680,"sourceObservationYear":2023,"referenceType":"fixed","reviewedAt":"2026-07-30","sourceIds":["worldBankArea"]},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":357030},{"year":2005,"value":357090},{"year":2010,"value":357130},{"year":2015,"value":357410},{"year":2019,"value":357580},{"year":2020,"value":357590},{"year":2021,"value":357590},{"year":2022,"value":357600},{"year":2023,"value":357680}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/superficie"},"populationGrowth":{"code":"SP.POP.GROW","label":"Croissance démographique","unit":"% annuel","latest":{"year":2025,"value":-0.0303506708320264},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":0.135431600393084},{"year":2005,"value":-0.0567782618352031},{"year":2010,"value":-0.153198446937304},{"year":2015,"value":0.865702643950251},{"year":2020,"value":0.0816931586494595},{"year":2021,"value":0.0423270572552137},{"year":2022,"value":-0.0219565701848977},{"year":2023,"value":0.131511079477747},{"year":2024,"value":0.274957829184881},{"year":2025,"value":-0.0303506708320264}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/croissance-demographique"},"fertility":{"code":"SP.DYN.TFRT.IN","label":"Indice de fécondité","unit":"enfants par femme","latest":{"year":2024,"value":1.36},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":1.38},{"year":2005,"value":1.34},{"year":2010,"value":1.39},{"year":2015,"value":1.5},{"year":2020,"value":1.53},{"year":2021,"value":1.58},{"year":2022,"value":1.455},{"year":2023,"value":1.39},{"year":2024,"value":1.36}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/fecondite"},"birthRate":{"code":"SP.DYN.CBRT.IN","label":"Taux brut de natalité","unit":"pour 1 000 habitants","latest":{"year":2024,"value":8.1},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":9.3},{"year":2005,"value":8.3},{"year":2010,"value":8.3},{"year":2015,"value":9},{"year":2020,"value":9.3},{"year":2021,"value":9.6},{"year":2022,"value":8.9},{"year":2023,"value":8.3},{"year":2024,"value":8.1}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/taux-natalite"},"deathRate":{"code":"SP.DYN.CDRT.IN","label":"Taux brut de mortalité","unit":"pour 1 000 habitants","latest":{"year":2024,"value":12.1},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":10.2},{"year":2005,"value":10.1},{"year":2010,"value":10.5},{"year":2015,"value":11.3},{"year":2020,"value":11.9},{"year":2021,"value":12.3},{"year":2022,"value":12.8},{"year":2023,"value":12.3},{"year":2024,"value":12.1}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/taux-mortalite"},"netMigration":{"code":"SM.POP.NETM","label":"Solde migratoire","unit":"personnes","latest":{"year":2025,"value":-334072},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":174594},{"year":2005,"value":81351},{"year":2010,"value":130116},{"year":2015,"value":1175283},{"year":2020,"value":203468},{"year":2021,"value":310264},{"year":2022,"value":981552},{"year":2023,"value":609553},{"year":2024,"value":36954},{"year":2025,"value":-334072}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/solde-migratoire"},"landArea":{"code":"AG.LND.TOTL.K2","label":"Surface terrestre","unit":"km²","latest":{"year":2023,"value":349430},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":348950},{"year":2005,"value":348760},{"year":2010,"value":348570},{"year":2015,"value":348860},{"year":2019,"value":349390},{"year":2020,"value":349390},{"year":2021,"value":349390},{"year":2022,"value":349360},{"year":2023,"value":349430}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/surface-terrestre"},"forestArea":{"code":"AG.LND.FRST.ZS","label":"Surface forestière","unit":"% du territoire","latest":{"year":2023,"value":32.6789342643734},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":32.5376128385155},{"year":2005,"value":32.6341897006537},{"year":2010,"value":32.7308718478354},{"year":2015,"value":32.7323281545606},{"year":2019,"value":32.6826755201923},{"year":2020,"value":32.6826755201923},{"year":2021,"value":32.6826755201923},{"year":2022,"value":32.685482024273},{"year":2023,"value":32.6789342643734}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/surface-forestiere"},"agriculturalLand":{"code":"AG.LND.AGRI.ZS","label":"Terres agricoles","unit":"% du territoire","latest":{"year":2023,"value":47.4658729931603},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":48.9124516406362},{"year":2005,"value":48.8330083725198},{"year":2010,"value":47.9100324181656},{"year":2015,"value":47.9590666743106},{"year":2019,"value":47.7002776267209},{"year":2020,"value":47.4970663155786},{"year":2021,"value":47.4856177910072},{"year":2022,"value":47.5011449507671},{"year":2023,"value":47.4658729931603}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/terres-agricoles"},"arableLand":{"code":"AG.LND.ARBL.ZS","label":"Terres arables","unit":"% du territoire","latest":{"year":2023,"value":33.428726783619},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":33.8271958733343},{"year":2005,"value":34.1323546278243},{"year":2010,"value":33.9845655105144},{"year":2015,"value":33.9563148540962},{"year":2019,"value":33.5270042073328},{"year":2020,"value":33.3838976501903},{"year":2021,"value":33.3667248633332},{"year":2022,"value":33.3667277307076},{"year":2023,"value":33.428726783619}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/terres-arables"},"gdpPppPerCapita":{"code":"NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD","label":"PIB par habitant en parité de pouvoir d’achat","unit":"$ internationaux courants","latest":{"year":2025,"value":75406.6888111618},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":27473.6669767024},{"year":2005,"value":32313.736788417},{"year":2010,"value":39713.9503169931},{"year":2015,"value":48567.1117562648},{"year":2020,"value":58704.5861986404},{"year":2021,"value":62630.7748127737},{"year":2022,"value":69669.6495435563},{"year":2023,"value":72262.2235142279},{"year":2024,"value":73957.0012170966},{"year":2025,"value":75406.6888111618}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/pib-par-habitant-ppa"},"gdpGrowth":{"code":"NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG","label":"Croissance du PIB réel","unit":"% annuel","latest":{"year":2025,"value":0.239578342117881},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":2.8765231247659},{"year":2005,"value":0.885485292551564},{"year":2010,"value":4.13463778522758},{"year":2015,"value":1.66300602334775},{"year":2020,"value":-4.13191443239947},{"year":2021,"value":3.90999994204108},{"year":2022,"value":1.8092581243061},{"year":2023,"value":-0.869647578573321},{"year":2024,"value":-0.495851897260366},{"year":2025,"value":0.239578342117881}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/croissance-pib"},"inflation":{"code":"FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG","label":"Inflation des prix à la consommation","unit":"% annuel","latest":{"year":2025,"value":2.17178770949721},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":1.44026838719741},{"year":2005,"value":1.54691114751328},{"year":2010,"value":1.1038103778926},{"year":2015,"value":0.514426137125456},{"year":2020,"value":0.144877925813982},{"year":2021,"value":3.06666666666673},{"year":2022,"value":6.87257438551097},{"year":2023,"value":5.94643667725823},{"year":2024,"value":2.2564981433876},{"year":2025,"value":2.17178770949721}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/inflation"},"unemployment":{"code":"SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS","label":"Taux de chômage","unit":"% de la population active","latest":{"year":2025,"value":3.711},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":7.917},{"year":2005,"value":11.193},{"year":2010,"value":7.043},{"year":2015,"value":4.612},{"year":2020,"value":3.881},{"year":2021,"value":3.594},{"year":2022,"value":3.137},{"year":2023,"value":3.071},{"year":2024,"value":3.4},{"year":2025,"value":3.711}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/chomage"},"trade":{"code":"NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS","label":"Échanges de biens et services","unit":"% du PIB","latest":{"year":2025,"value":78.5128112199127},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":59.1955992975405},{"year":2005,"value":66.9531024934321},{"year":2010,"value":73.8852351200263},{"year":2015,"value":77.7565815686922},{"year":2020,"value":72.9335327120137},{"year":2021,"value":79.9195348609851},{"year":2022,"value":88.7857542130501},{"year":2023,"value":81.9625483787634},{"year":2024,"value":79.0907305894936},{"year":2025,"value":78.5128112199127}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/ouverture-commerciale"},"infantMortality":{"code":"SP.DYN.IMRT.IN","label":"Mortalité infantile","unit":"pour 1 000 naissances","latest":{"year":2024,"value":3.1},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":4.4},{"year":2005,"value":3.9},{"year":2010,"value":3.5},{"year":2015,"value":3.3},{"year":2020,"value":3.1},{"year":2021,"value":3.1},{"year":2022,"value":3.1},{"year":2023,"value":3.1},{"year":2024,"value":3.1}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/mortalite-infantile"},"internetUsers":{"code":"IT.NET.USER.ZS","label":"Utilisateurs d’Internet","unit":"% de la population","latest":{"year":2024,"value":93.49999579},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":30.2163466048889},{"year":2005,"value":68.71},{"year":2010,"value":82},{"year":2015,"value":87.5897993525767},{"year":2020,"value":89.81294133},{"year":2021,"value":91.43060973},{"year":2022,"value":91.62984383},{"year":2023,"value":92.4763763},{"year":2024,"value":93.49999579}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/utilisateurs-internet"},"mobileSubscriptions":{"code":"IT.CEL.SETS.P2","label":"Abonnements mobiles","unit":"pour 100 habitants","latest":{"year":2024,"value":129.150921864378},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":58.9286257003872},{"year":2005,"value":96.6168901963931},{"year":2010,"value":109.364084468464},{"year":2015,"value":117.401165117624},{"year":2020,"value":128.424798814302},{"year":2021,"value":127.125099449404},{"year":2022,"value":124.158264349285},{"year":2023,"value":124.662572774586},{"year":2024,"value":129.150921864378}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/abonnements-mobiles"},"accessElectricity":{"code":"EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS","label":"Accès à l’électricité","unit":"% de la population","latest":{"year":2024,"value":100},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":100},{"year":2005,"value":100},{"year":2010,"value":100},{"year":2015,"value":100},{"year":2020,"value":100},{"year":2021,"value":100},{"year":2022,"value":100},{"year":2023,"value":100},{"year":2024,"value":100}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/acces-electricite"},"healthExpenditure":{"code":"SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS","label":"Dépenses courantes de santé","unit":"% du PIB","latest":{"year":2024,"value":12.26655293},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":9.75930405},{"year":2005,"value":10.1068058},{"year":2010,"value":10.8311739},{"year":2015,"value":10.92317677},{"year":2020,"value":12.46780777},{"year":2021,"value":12.72403336},{"year":2022,"value":12.44708347},{"year":2023,"value":11.74428654},{"year":2024,"value":12.26655293}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/depenses-sante"},"schoolSecondary":{"code":"SE.SEC.ENRR","label":"Scolarisation dans le secondaire","unit":"% brut","latest":{"year":2024,"value":100.243698120117},"series":[{"year":2005,"value":101.436492919922},{"year":2010,"value":104.891357421875},{"year":2015,"value":102.192413330078},{"year":2020,"value":101.307800292969},{"year":2021,"value":101.203536987305},{"year":2022,"value":100.81729888916},{"year":2023,"value":100.603057861328},{"year":2024,"value":100.243698120117}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/scolarisation-secondaire"},"renewableEnergy":{"code":"EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS","label":"Énergies renouvelables dans la consommation finale","unit":"% de la consommation","latest":{"year":2021,"value":17.6},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":3.7},{"year":2005,"value":7.3},{"year":2010,"value":11.6},{"year":2015,"value":14.6},{"year":2017,"value":15.2},{"year":2018,"value":16},{"year":2019,"value":17.1},{"year":2020,"value":18.5},{"year":2021,"value":17.6}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/energie-renouvelable"},"co2PerCapita":{"code":"EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5","label":"Émissions de CO₂ par habitant","unit":"t éq. CO₂ par habitant","latest":{"year":2024,"value":6.94395663386317},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":10.5993032021746},{"year":2005,"value":10.2067903422435},{"year":2010,"value":9.96567124737992},{"year":2015,"value":9.60884887243027},{"year":2020,"value":7.72103264767393},{"year":2021,"value":8.06128144646434},{"year":2022,"value":7.91182860265874},{"year":2023,"value":7.07982839106762},{"year":2024,"value":6.94395663386317}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/emissions-co2-par-habitant"},"freshwaterWithdrawals":{"code":"ER.H2O.FWTL.ZS","label":"Prélèvements d’eau douce","unit":"% des ressources internes","latest":{"year":2022,"value":24.1052046728972},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":41.9507275514019},{"year":2005,"value":37.6986401869159},{"year":2010,"value":30.8327102803738},{"year":2015,"value":27.8816869158878},{"year":2018,"value":25.159938317757},{"year":2019,"value":24.1052046728972},{"year":2020,"value":24.1052046728972},{"year":2021,"value":24.1052046728972},{"year":2022,"value":24.1052046728972}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/prelevements-eau-douce"},"militaryExpenditure":{"code":"MS.MIL.XPND.GD.ZS","label":"Dépenses militaires","unit":"% du PIB","latest":{"year":2024,"value":1.89190377205494},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":1.34421581953972},{"year":2005,"value":1.23275583821682},{"year":2010,"value":1.24181027958074},{"year":2015,"value":1.11541840455009},{"year":2020,"value":1.35598993512329},{"year":2021,"value":1.29982374349238},{"year":2022,"value":1.35030514561756},{"year":2023,"value":1.48796332620564},{"year":2024,"value":1.89190377205494}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/depenses-militaires"},"airPassengers":{"code":"IS.AIR.PSGR","label":"Passagers du transport aérien","unit":"passagers transportés","latest":{"year":2023,"value":80199572},"series":[{"year":2000,"value":57962865},{"year":2005,"value":90788848},{"year":2010,"value":97330734.2807591},{"year":2015,"value":117222850},{"year":2019,"value":109633750.727},{"year":2020,"value":25758450},{"year":2021,"value":33073180},{"year":2022,"value":69045135},{"year":2023,"value":80199572}],"definitionUrl":"https://www.geographie.com/indicateurs/transport-aerien-passagers"}},"seriesMode":"repères chronologiques : années jalons 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 et dernières observations ; pas une série annuelle exhaustive","url":"https://www.geographie.com/pays/allemagne","sources":{"territories":"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/","indicators":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2/","territorialNamesAndCapitals":"https://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/geonames/","currencies":"https://www.iso.org/fr/iso-4217-currency-codes.html","languages":"https://www.iso.org/iso-639-language-code","borders":"https://www.naturalearthdata.com/","fixedFieldsRegister":"https://www.geographie.com/sources#donnees-fixes","timezones":"https://www.iana.org/time-zones","capitalCoordinates":"https://www.geonames.org/","licences":"https://www.geographie.com/sources#licences"},"retrievedAt":"2026-07-29","fixedDataReviewedAt":"2026-07-30"}